The system of boarding schools for the indigenous peoples of the North of Western Siberia began to develope in the 1920s, with the advent of Soviet power. In the 1920s and 30s, boarding schools were voluntary. Up until the 1950s, parents of remote areas of the tundra often hid their children, thereby hindering their education. Purposeful and sometimes violent collection of children to boarding schools began in the 1950s. Despite the drama of the situation, boarding schools have been integrated into the culture of the indigenous minorities of the Far North for several decades.
After the collapse of the Soviet education system in the 1990s, national occupations, such as reindeer husbandry, degenerated in many areas of the North. And then the regional intelligentsia began to say that boarding schools only contribute to the outflow of the indigenous population from the northern territories. The link between generations is being destroyed, children forget the language and culture of their ancestors, do not want to return to the tundra after a more comfortable life in the village — as a result, reindeer husbandry, and the culture associated with it, and national languages can sink into oblivion. Therefore, the return of children to the natural educational and cultural environment in order to realize the universal right to education has acquired a new scope.