Before the advent of steam vessels on Siberian rivers, the movement was carried out on sailing, rowing vessels. The waters of Nice, Tobol, Tours, Irtysh and Ob were ploughed by dugout boats, large boats "on the oars", barges, planks.
The first steamship owned by merchant Nikita Myasnikov was built in Tyumen in 1844. The steamer was small, with a capacity of only 50 nominal forces, however, it was the ancestor of the entire West Siberian Shipping Company. The name "Osnova" ("Basis") was given to him.
The number of steam vessels increased as follows: in 1854 there were 3 steamships, in 1860 – 10, in 1870 – 22, in 1880 – 37, in 1890 – 65, in 1891 – 69, in 1892 - 90, in 1893 – 105.
Most steamships were built in Tyumen.
From 1854 to 1864 a lot of steamships were built: "Ermak", "Irtysh", "Tyumen", "John", "Sibiryak", "Worker", "Nice", "Union", "Victory", "Dmitry", "Hope". Then, in 1864, 8 steamships were built, the largest of which was the Tara (100 nominal forces).
The richest steamship owners were trading firms "Kurbatov and Ignatov" who owned 17 steamships (1380 nominal forces), trading house of I.N. Kornilov – 11 (950 n. forces), partnership "Shirokov and Co." – 8 (680 n.forces), trading house "M. Plotnikov and sons" – 8 (540 n. forces).
Steamers pulled barges with a total capacity of up to 65 thousand pounds (1040 tons). It is known that in 1917 the steamers Rus and Kormilets, which delivered the royal family to Tobolsk, also brought 2,800 pounds of cargo, which was equal to three railway wagons.
In 1891, 475,000 poods (7,600 tons) of various cargoes, mainly agricultural products, were transported by steamships from the Tura station (Tyumen), in 1892 – about 800 thousand poods (12,800 tons).
Barges and prisoners were also transported. One convict barge could accommodate from 300 to 700 people.
Navigation lasted about 5 months (from the beginning of May to the end of September). In the warm autumn, it was possible to carve out another 20 days, however, to send a steamer at this time, for example, from Tobolsk to Samara or to Obdorsk, was a very risky decision.
The movement of the steamer from Tyumen to Tomsk lasted on average 14-48 days. But strong steamships "Sibiryak", "Worker", "Ermak" and "Irtysh" could pass it in 11 or even 9 days.