Hunting has long been one of the main occupations of the indigenous population of Western Siberia. It was divided into meat and fur. For the sake of fur, squirrel, fox, mink, arctic fox, marten, sable were obtained. Siberian sable was the main part of yasak. In the second half of the XVIII century Catherine II legalized the collection of yasak. Yasak was paid by adult men from 15 to 55 years old. From 10 to 30 sable skins per year were collected per person. All the furs were taken to Tobolsk. Here the skins were selected according to the color and quality of the fur, tied in bales. The stamp of the Tobolsk customs was placed on each pile. It is noteworthy that on the Siberian coin there was an image of two sables.
For centuries, the fur trade has played an important role in the system of the northern economy, being the basis of Siberian exports. The situation did not change much at the beginning of the XX century. In 1909-1913, the export of furs amounted to 55 million rubles, while the export of metals amounted to 21 million rubles. Furs were brought from Yakutia and the Tobolsk North. After a short respite associated with the First World War, the Revolution and the Civil War, from 1923-1924 intensive exploitation of fur resources resumed again. At that time, 11 offices and private individuals were engaged in fur harvesting in the North. Such an abundance of fur buyers led to sharp price fluctuations. In the 1923-1924 season, the price of a squirrel at different times ranged from 25 kopecks to 1 ruble 30 kopecks per skin, for a fox from 8 to 30 rubles, for a marten from 12 to 40 rubles, etc.
Fur production continued in the following years. In 1925-1926, 605634 squirrels, 17194 arctic foxes, 15448 ermines, 14732 columns, 3370 foxes and 1334 sables were mined in the Tobolsk North. At the end of the 1920s, the first farms for breeding fur-bearing animals in captivity appeared in the region.