Agriculture during this period was at a crossroads. According to many historians, it was this historical period that became tragic for the Soviet countryside and agriculture in general. According to I.V. Stalin, agriculture had to turn into a solid base of industrialization. It was supposed to provide a large amount of bread for rapidly growing cities and new industrial centers, it was required to provide cotton, sugar beet, sunflower, skins, wool and other raw materials for the growing industry in large quantities.
Agriculture provided bread and technical raw materials not only for domestic consumption, but also for export, which provided funds for the import of industrial equipment. It was the supplier of a colossal amount of labor for a rapidly growing industry. However, according to the country's leadership, agriculture was in crisis, the way out of which was the transition of small peasant farms into large ones, united on the basis of socialization and continuous collectivization. Since 1928, a powerful campaign has been unfolding in the country to promote the "advantages" of the collective farm form of agriculture and the creation of collective farms.