The history of the Tyumen-Surgut-Urengoy railway and its branch to Nizhnevartovsk is forgotten now and materials about it are almost impossible to find, although the scale of attracting forces and funds at that time had no analogues in the country. The new railway was declared an All-Union Komsomol construction site, and hundreds of student detachments from all over the country gathered in Western Siberia.
After geological surveys, by the early 1960s it became clear that the north of Western Siberia contains in its bowels the largest in the country and one of the largest reserves of oil and gas in the world. But unlike the steppes of Baku and Tatarstan, it is much more difficult to organize the extraction of these riches here – there are no transport routes other than rivers on the territory.
For the development of the Tyumen north, it was decided to build a railway that would pass through the entire region from south to north, "stringing" the areas of the main deposits. The discovery of Samotlor largely predetermined the route of the future road – from Tyumen through Tobolsk to Surgut, and further east to the Samotlor area, where the city of Nizhnevartovsk should be built.
In the summer of 1966, construction began. The forest-steppe areas from Tyumen to Tobolsk were overcome fairly quickly, and on October 26, 1967, the first train arrived on the left bank of the Irtysh. The first of two significant water obstacles was overcome in less than two years, and on March 29, 1969, Tobolsk heard the whistle of a locomotive.
The Tobolsk-Surgut section runs through the taiga zone with numerous swampy areas. Construction has slowed down here. In addition, the most complex and expensive object of the road was located on the highway – a complex of bridge crossings over the Ob and its channels. The celebration on the streets of Surgut, an ancient town that received a new life, took place on August 5, 1975. On November 14, 1976, the first train arrived in Nizhnevartovsk.